Most of the Senate candidates on this year’s ballot don’t exactly make the grade when it comes to technology issues.
A study from Tusk Ventures and Engine Advocacy hands out report cards to candidates in some of the tightest 2016 Senate races. The study graded 22 candidates vying for 11 of the 34 Senate seats up for grabs on Tuesday, eliminating the races that are likely to be total blowouts.
The candidates were graded on their actions – like votes, letters, and the co-sponsorship of bills – as well as their public statements, and were evaluated in four categories: broadband access & infrastructure, intellectual property, data security & privacy, and talent. Candidates without a record on an issue were given an “incomplete” for that category.
No candidate got a perfect grade on the issues, and some candidates have no history of speaking about or voting on tech at all – although it’s worth noting that several of the Senate candidates have never run for office before or are somewhat new to politics. The category of data privacy and security – a key issue in a year when hacking and cybersecurity has been on the forefront – had some of the worst grades, and only one candidate got an A.
Here’s how the candidates stack up in each category.
Arizona: John McCain (R) vs. Ann Kirkpatrick (D)
McCain
Telecom: C+
Intellectual property: F
Data privacy/security: F
Talent: B+
"McCain has been on the side of the startup community in some instances, supporting key bills like theJOBS Act(extra credit point!), advocating for expandedbroadband access, and supporting efforts to auction inefficiently-usedspectrumfor commercial use.Heopposes net neutrality, voted no on theUSA Freedom Act, co-sponsoredPIPA, opposed theAmerica Invents Act,and has supported legislative efforts that wouldban end-to-end encryptionand require companies to build backdoors into their products."
Kirkpatrick
Telecom: C+
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: B
"Kirkpatrick has supported a number of pro-startup issues, voting in favor of theUSA Freedom Actand theInnovation Act, and supportingimproved STEM educationandcomprehensive immigration reform. On net neutrality, Kirkpatrick opposed theNo Rate Regulation Act(which would block the FCC from enforcing net neutrality)."
Florida: Marco Rubio (R) vs. Patrick Murphy (D)
Rubio
Telecom: D
Intellectual property: C
Data privacy/security: D
Talent: A
"Rubio supports patent reformand is strong on workforce and skills issues... he has consistently supported high-skilled immigration reforms, co-sponsoring both the I-Squared Actand theStartup Act.But his assertion that net neutralitywill give power over the Internet to 'an unelected, unaccountable board' is patently false... and his staunch support ofgovernment surveillanceprograms raises red flags."
Murphy
Telecom: A
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: D+
Talent: A
"Murphy voted 'yes' on both theInnovation Actand theUSA Freedom Act, and co-sponsored theStartup Act, which would create two new visas for entrepreneurs and STEM graduates. However... his stance on encryption is problematic."
Illinois: Mark Kirk (R) vs. Tammy Duckworth (D)
Kirk
Telecom: C-
Intellectual property: B+
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: A
"Most significantly, KirkopposedPIPAand is a co-sponsor of the I-Squared Act, a high-skilled immigration bill widely supported by the tech community. However, Sen. Kirk has strongly opposed net neutrality."
Duckworth
Telecom: A
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: A-
"...she voted against theNo Rate Regulation Act, sees broadbandas an essential utility, and has advocated for expanded access. She has also made STEM education a priority, supporting President Obama'sComputer Science For Allgrants."
Indiana: Todd Young (R) vs. Evan Bayh (D)
Young
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: A
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"He has been an ally on IP-related issues, voting 'yes' on both theAmerica Invents Actand the Innovation Actand opposingSOPA.However, Young was docked points for his strong opposition to net neutrality."
Bayh
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"...his positions on most of the issues evaluated for this scorecard are unclear. He has made some positive efforts around broadband investment: during his time as governor of Indiana, he awarded $3 million in grants to help public schools get better access to the internet."
Missouri: Roy Blunt (R) vs. Jason Kander (D)
Blunt
Telecom: D-
Intellectual property: D
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: A
"...his positions on broadband are abysmal: he opposes net neutrality and has called on the FCC to reverse its decision to update the definition of broadband from 4 Mbps to 25 Mbps, essentially calling for lower broadband speeds."
Kander
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"He has pushed back on Blunt's position onbroadband speeds, arguing that 'Missourians deserve access to the Internet as a basic, essential utility, and our leaders in Washington need to do everything they can to help expand and improve broadband speeds-especially in rural areas.'"
New Hampshire: Kelly Ayotte (R) vs. Maggie Hassan (D)
Ayotte
Telecom: C-
Intellectual property: B-
Data privacy/security: D+
Talent: A
"Sen. Ayotte earns points for her votes in favor of several bills key to the tech and startup community, such as theUSA Freedom Actand theAmerica Invents Act. However, she is docked points for her staunch opposition to net neutrality, her views on encryption, and for initially co-sponsoring PIPA (though she later withdrew support)."
Hassan
Telecom: A
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"She recently announced the Innovate NH 2.0 planto encourage high tech economic growth, and launched theLive Free and Start Initiativeto help modernize New Hampshire's government and to foster a startup ecosystem.Hassan has a stellar record on broadband: he supports expanding rural broadband access and improving 4G mobile service, and has pledged to protect the FCC's net neutrality rules."
Nevada: Joe Heck (R) vs. Catherine Cortez Masto (D)
Heck
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: A
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: B+
"He is... a proponent ofcomprehensive immigration reformand has argued that scaling back theH1-B visa programcould hurt economic growth. Heck also supported theUSA Freedom Actand theJOBS Act(extra credit). Unfortunately, Heck has opposed net neutrality, voting for an anti-net neutrality resolutionin 2011"
Cortez Masto
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"While Cortez Masto has pledged to 'ensure every rural community has access to high-speed broadband, and small businesses have access to necessary capital to keep and create jobs,' her positions on most of the issues we evaluated for this scorecard are unknown."
North Carolina: Richard Burr (R) vs. Deborah Ross (D)
Burr
Telecom: D-
Intellectual property: B+
Data privacy/security: F
Talent: Incomplete
"Burr has drawn the ire of the tech community in recent months for hisefforts to undermine encryptionby sponsoring a billeffectively requiring companies to decrypt communications for law enforcement."
Ross
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"In response to Senator Burr's controversial encryption bill, Ross made a vague statement arguing that more debate on the 'complicated issue' is needed. She has said she would have supported the 2013 immigration bill that passed the Senate but has said little about high-skilled immigration specifically."
Ohio: Rob Portman (R) vs. Ted Strickland (D)
Portman
Telecom: D
Intellectual property: A
Data privacy/security: C-
Talent: A-
"Portman also opposedPIPA, voted 'yes' on the America Invents Act, and supported legislation in the House in 2000 to increase the number of availableH-1B visas"
Strickland
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"As governor of Ohio, Strickland led efforts to expand broadband accessacross the state. He has also supported education effortsthat give students the 'critical skills necessary for the 21st century workplace' during his time as Governor of Ohio."
Pennsylvania: Pat Toomey (R) vs. Katie McGinty (D)
Toomey
Telecom: D
Intellectual property: B+
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"Sen. Toomey opposed theUSA Freedom Actand has been vocal in his opposition tonet neutrality, hyperbolically and inaccurately calling it a 'massive government takeover.'"
McGinty
Telecom: Incomplete
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: Incomplete
Talent: Incomplete
"She has said that she would have voted for the Senate's comprehensiveimmigration reformpackage that passed in 2013 and included a number of reforms to high-skilled immigration. She has made vague statements on the issue ofencryption."
Wisconsin: Ron Johnson (R) vs. Russ Feingold (D)
Johnson
Telecom: D-
Intellectual property: C
Data privacy/security: A-
Talent: Incomplete
"Johnson's overall score is weighed down in large part by his low marks on telecom issues, as his opposition tonet neutralityand the FCC's decisionredefine broadbandfrom 4 Mbps to 25 Mbps puts him at odds with the vast majority of the tech community."
Feingold
Telecom: A
Intellectual property: Incomplete
Data privacy/security: A
Talent: B+
"Feingold positioned himself as one of the strongest proponents of digital security and privacy, recognizing the value of strongencryptionto the internet economy as far back as 1998 and presciently anticipating the wide-ranging negative consequences of the government'ssurveillance programs. He continues toarguethat forced 'backdoors' would be a huge mistake."